Coritussal

Carbinoxamine Maleate:

• Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) reviews

Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) is a first generation antihistamine that competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. The product label for Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) as an over the counter cough and cold medicine is being modified to state “do not use” in children under 4 years of age in order to prevent and reduce misuse, as many unapproved carbinoxamine-containing preparations contained inappropriate labeling, which promoted unapproved uses (including management of congestion, cough, the common cold, and the use in children under 2 years of age), which can potentially cause serious health risks.

Indication: For symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis, as well as allergic conjunctivitis caused by foods and inhaled allergens. Also for the relief of allergic reactions to blood or plasma, and the symptomatic management of mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.

Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) is a first generation antihistamine of the ethanolamine class. Ethanolamine antihistamines have significant antimuscarinic activity and produce marked sedation in most patients. In addition to the usual allergic symptoms, the drug also treats irritant cough and nausea, vomiting, and vertigo associated with motion sickness. It also is used commonly to treat drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms as well as to treat mild cases of Parkinson's disease. Rather than preventing the release of histamine, as do cromolyn and nedocromil, Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate) competitively antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. Ethanolamine derivatives have greater anticholinergic activity than do other antihistamines, which probably accounts for the antidyskinetic action of Coritussal (Carbinoxamine Maleate).

Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide:

• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacokinetics
• Why is Coritussal prescribed?
• Dosage and administration
• Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) side effects, adverse reactions
• Coritussal contraindications
• Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Special instructions
• Coritussal drug interactions
• Coritussal in case of emergency / overdose
• Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) reviews

Pharmacological action

Coritussal is an antitussive medication. Inhibiting the excitability of the cough center this medicine suppresses the cough of any origin. Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) has not addiction effects and it has no analgesic and hypnotic action. Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) starts to act after 10-30 minutes after oral administration, the duration of therapeutic action: 5-6 hours for adults and 6-9 hours for children. Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) is an optical isomer of levomethorphan which is similar to morphine. Due to optical isomerism this drug has no opioid effects. Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) used mainly for replacement of codeine as a cough suppressant. In addition to the cough suppressant this medication is used in medicine for diagnostic purposes and may be useful in various cases - from seizures to heroin addiction treatment, some chronic neurodegenerative diseases. These include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Charcot's disease), disease of "mad cow and other prion diseases. Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) has also been used for the treatment of mental retardation, Parkinson's disease, in the treatment of lung and other cancers and to prevent tissue rejection in transplantation because of the (poorly known) effects of sigma ligands on tumor cells and immune system.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. C_max of Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) in plasma is reached after 2 h. This medication biotransformes in the liver. Up to 45% of this drug is excreted by kidneys and there was considerable individual variation in rates of excretion of individual metabolites.

Why is Coritussal prescribed?

Dry cough of different etiology.

Dosage and administration

For adults and children over 12 years Coritussal prescribed on 15 mg 4 times / day, children aged 6 years - 7.5 mg 4 times / day.

Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) side effects, adverse reactions

Drowsiness, nausea, dizziness.

Coritussal contraindications

Bronchial asthma, bronchitis, simultaneous reception of mucolytic.

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) prescribed with caution, only in cases where the expected therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child.

Special instructions

With carefully administered Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) with impaired liver function.

Coritussal drug interactions

MAO inhibitors (including furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline) when administered simultaneous with Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) may cause adrenergic crisis, collapse, coma, dizziness, agitation, increased blood pressure, hyperpyrexia, intracranial hemorrhage, lethargy, nausea, cramps, tremor. In combination with tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, etc.) Coritussal (Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide) may appeal serotonin syndrome and possible subsequent death. Amiodarone, fluoxetine, quinidine, inhibiting system cytochrome P450, may increase the drug concentration in the blood. Tobacco smoke can lead to increased secretion of glands in the background of inhibition of cough reflex. Some inhibitors of CYP450 (such as quinidine) increase and extended effects of this medicine.

Coritussal in case of emergency / overdose

Symptoms: excitement, dizziness, respiratory depression, impaired consciousness, decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, muscle hypertonicity, ataxia.

Treatment: mechanical ventilation, symptomatic agents.

Phenylpropanolamine:

• Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine) reviews

Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine) has been withdrawn in Canada. In November 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a public health advisory against the use of the drug.

Indication: For the treatment of nasal congestion, control of urinary incontinence, priapism and obesity.

Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine) (PPA), a sympathomimetic agent structurally similar to pseudoephedrine, is used to treat nasal congestion. Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine) is found in appetite suppressant formulations and with guaifenesinin in cough-cold formulations. In 2000, the FDA requested that all drug companies discontinue marketing products containing Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine), due to an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke in women who used Coritussal (Phenylpropanolamine).