Doxiciclina

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Doxiciclina uses


Pharmacological action

Doxiciclina is an semisynthetic tetracycline group's antibiotic of broad-spectrum. This medication has bacteriostatic action due to suppression of protein synthesis of pathogens. It active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes; anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium spp.

Doxiciclina is also active against aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Bordetella pertussis, as well as against Rickettsia spp., Treponema spp., Mycoplasma spp. and Chlamydia spp.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains of Bacteroides fragilis are resistant to Doxiciclina.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration Doxiciclina is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestion has very little effect on the absorption of Doxiciclina. This medication is widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. Plasma protein binding is 80-95%. T1/2 is 12-22 h. Doxiciclina excreted in the urine as unchanged (40%) but the main part of the dose excreted unchanged in the feces through bile secretion.

Why is Doxiciclina prescribed?

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Doxiciclina including infections of the respiratory and ENT organs; gastrointestinal tract infections; purulent infections of skin and soft tissues ; infection of the genitourinary system (including gonorrhea, primary and secondary syphilis); typhus, brucellosis, rickettsiosis, osteomyelitis, trachoma, chlamydia.

Dosage and administration

Doxiciclina is indicated for adults orally or IV (infusions) in 200 mg / day dosess on the first day of treatment, in the coming days at 100-200 mg / day. Multiplicity of admission (or IV infusion) is 1-2 times / day. For children older than 8 years of age and weighing over 50 kg the daily Doxiciclina dose for oral administration or IV (infusion) in the first day of treatment is 4 mg / kg. In next days ir is 2-4 mg / kg depending on the severity of the clinical course of disease. Multiplicity of admission (or intravenous infusion) is 1-2 times / day. The recommended minimum time for IV infusion 100 mg of Doxiciclina (a concentration of infusion solution is 0.5 mg / ml) is 1 hour.

Maximum doses: for adults for oral administration is 300 mg / day or 600 mg / day (depending on the etiology of the agent); for iv injection it is 300 mg / day.

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Doxiciclina side effects, adverse reactions

Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, dysphagia, glossitis, esophagitis, transient increase in the blood of hepatic transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.

Hematopoietic system: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, eosinophilia, rarely - angioedema, photosensitivity.

Other: increased residual nitrogen, candidiasis, intestinal dysbiosis, discoloration of teeth in children.

Doxiciclina contraindications

Pregnancy, children age up to 8 years, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, porphyria, severe liver insufficiency, leukopenia, lactation period, myasthenia (for IV administration).

Using during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Doxiciclina is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Doxiciclina crosses the placental barrier. This medication may cause long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia, inhibition of growth of bones of the fetus and also the development of fatty liver.

If necessary using during lactation patients should stop breastfeeding.

Special instructions

With careful use of Doxiciclina with impaired liver function. If a patient has renal impairment the dose adjustment is not required.

To prevent local irritating action Doxiciclina should be taken during the day with plenty of fluids, food or milk. Due to possible development of photosensitivity it is necessary the restriction of insolation during treatment and for 4-5 days thereafter.

Doxiciclina is not used in children younger than 8 years because tetracyclines (including Doxiciclina) are causing long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia and retardation of longitudinal growth of bones in these patients.

Doxiciclina solution for IV administration should be used no later than 72 hours after its preparation.

Doxiciclina drug interactions

Medications containing metal ions (antacids, products containing iron, magnesium, calcium) form inactive chelates with Doxiciclina, in connection with what it is necessary to avoid their simultaneous use.

It needed to avoid combination with penicillins, cephalosporins, bactericidal action and is an antagonist of bacteriostatic antibiotics (including Doxiciclina).

Absorption of Doxiciclina is reduced by cholestyramine and colestipol (observe the interval between the reception of at least 3 h).

Due to suppression of intestinal microflora Doxiciclina reduces prothrombin index which requires dose adjustment of indirect anticoagulants.

Doxiciclina reduces the reliability of contraception and increases the frequency of breakthrough bleeding while taking estrogen-containing oral contraceptives.

Simultaneous administration of Doxiciclina with:

  • barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin concentrations of Doxiciclina in plasma decreases due to the induction of liver enzymes, which may be responsible for the decrease of its antibacterial action.
  • retinol improves intracranial pressure.

    Doxiciclina in case of emergency / overdose

    Treatment: discontinuation, symptomatic and supportive therapy. Hemodialysis is ineffective.

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    Doxiciclina pharmaceutical active ingredients containing related brand and generic drugs:

    Active ingredient is the part of the drug or medicine which is biologically active. This portion of the drug is responsible for the main action of the drug which is intended to cure or reduce the symptom or disease. The other portions of the drug which are inactive are called excipients; there role is to act as vehicle or binder. In contrast to active ingredient, the inactive ingredient's role is not significant in the cure or treatment of the disease. There can be one or more active ingredients in a drug.


    Doxiciclina available forms, composition, doses:

    Form of the medicine is the form in which the medicine is marketed in the market, for example, a medicine X can be in the form of capsule or the form of chewable tablet or the form of tablet. Sometimes same medicine can be available as injection form. Each medicine cannot be in all forms but can be marketed in 1, 2, or 3 forms which the pharmaceutical company decided based on various background research results.
    Composition is the list of ingredients which combinedly form a medicine. Both active ingredients and inactive ingredients form the composition. The active ingredient gives the desired therapeutic effect whereas the inactive ingredient helps in making the medicine stable.
    Doses are various strengths of the medicine like 10mg, 20mg, 30mg and so on. Each medicine comes in various doses which is decided by the manufacturer, that is, pharmaceutical company. The dose is decided on the severity of the symptom or disease.


    Doxiciclina destination | category:

    Destination is defined as the organism to which the drug or medicine is targeted. For most of the drugs what we discuss, human is the drug destination.
    Drug category can be defined as major classification of the drug. For example, an antihistaminic or an antipyretic or anti anginal or pain killer, anti-inflammatory or so.


    Doxiciclina Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes:

    A medicine is classified depending on the organ or system it acts [Anatomical], based on what result it gives on what disease, symptom [Therapeutical], based on chemical composition [Chemical]. It is called as ATC code. The code is based on Active ingredients of the medicine. A medicine can have different codes as sometimes it acts on different organs for different indications. Same way, different brands with same active ingredients and same indications can have same ATC code.


    Doxiciclina pharmaceutical companies:

    Pharmaceutical companies are drug manufacturing companies that help in complete development of the drug from the background research to formation, clinical trials, release of the drug into the market and marketing of the drug.
    Researchers are the persons who are responsible for the scientific research and is responsible for all the background clinical trials that resulted in the development of the drug.


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    References

    1. Dailymed."ORACEA (DOXYCYCLINE) CAPSULE [GALDERMA LABORATORIES, L.P.]". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
    2. Dailymed."DOXYCYCLINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailym... (accessed August 28, 2018).
    3. "doxycycline". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/co... (accessed August 28, 2018).

    Frequently asked Questions

    Can i drive or operate heavy machine after consuming Doxiciclina?

    Depending on the reaction of the Doxiciclina after taken, if you are feeling dizziness, drowsiness or any weakness as a reaction on your body, Then consider Doxiciclina not safe to drive or operate heavy machine after consumption. Meaning that, do not drive or operate heavy duty machines after taking the capsule if the capsule has a strange reaction on your body like dizziness, drowsiness. As prescribed by a pharmacist, it is dangerous to take alcohol while taking medicines as it exposed patients to drowsiness and health risk. Please take note of such effect most especially when taking Primosa capsule. It's advisable to consult your doctor on time for a proper recommendation and medical consultations.

    Is Doxiciclina addictive or habit forming?

    Medicines are not designed with the mind of creating an addiction or abuse on the health of the users. Addictive Medicine is categorically called Controlled substances by the government. For instance, Schedule H or X in India and schedule II-V in the US are controlled substances.

    Please consult the medicine instruction manual on how to use and ensure it is not a controlled substance.In conclusion, self medication is a killer to your health. Consult your doctor for a proper prescription, recommendation, and guidiance.

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    Review

    sdrugs.com conducted a study on Doxiciclina, and the result of the survey is set out below. It is noteworthy that the product of the survey is based on the perception and impressions of the visitors of the website as well as the views of Doxiciclina consumers. We, as a result of this, advice that you do not base your therapeutic or medical decisions on this result, but rather consult your certified medical experts for their recommendations.

    Visitor reports

    Visitor reported useful

    No survey data has been collected yet

    Visitor reported side effects

    No survey data has been collected yet

    One visitor reported price estimates

    What is your opinion about drug cost? Did you feel the cost is apt, or did you feel it is expensive?
    The report given by the sdrugs.com website users shows the following figures about several people who felt the medicine Doxiciclina is expensive, and the medicine is not expensive. The results are mixed. The perception of the cost of the medicine to be expensive or not depends on the brand name of the medicine, country, and place where it is sold, and the affordability of the patient. You can choose a generic drug in the place of the branded drug to save the cost. The efficiency of the medicine will not vary if it is generic or a branded one.
    Visitors%
    Not expensive1
    100.0%

    Visitor reported frequency of use

    No survey data has been collected yet

    Visitor reported doses

    No survey data has been collected yet

    Two visitors reported time for results

    What is the time duration Doxiciclina drug must be taken for it to be effective or for it to reduce the symptoms?
    Most chronic conditions need at least some time so the dose and the drug action gets adjusted to the body to get the desired effect. The stastistics say sdrugs.com website users needed 1 day to notice the result from using Doxiciclina drug. The time needed to show improvement in health condition after using the medicine Doxiciclina need not be same for all the users. It varies based on other factors.
    Visitors%
    1 day2
    100.0%

    One visitor reported administration

    The drugs are administered in various routes, like oral or injection form. They are administered before food or after food. How are you taking Doxiciclina drug, before food or after food?
    Click here to find out how other users of our website are taking it. For any doubts or queries on how and when the medicine is administered, contact your health care provider immediately.
    Visitors%
    After food1
    100.0%

    Visitor reported age

    No survey data has been collected yet

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    The information was verified by Dr. Rachana Salvi, MD Pharmacology

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